Semiconductor Optical Amplifier

This invaluable book provides a comprehensive treatment of the design and applications of the semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA). SOAs are important components for optical communication systems with applications as in-line amplifiers and as functional devices in evolving optical networks. The functional applications of SOAs were first studied in the early 1990s; since then, the diversity and scope of such applications have been steadily growing. Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers is self-contained and unified in presentation. The treatments in the book are detailed enough to capture the interest of the curious reader and sufficiently complete to provide the necessary background to explore the subject further. It is intended to be used as an advanced text by graduate students and by practicing engineers but is also suitable for non-experts who wish to have an overview of optical amplifiers.

The communications industry is at the onset of new expansion of WDM technology necessary to meet the new demand for bandwidth. This is the second of a four reference books that will cover this technology comprehensively with all of the major topics covered by a separate volumes - i.e. active components, passive components, systems and networks. This book is the first which covers all key passive optical components required for current and next generation optical communication systems. World-renowned authors, who are pioneers in their research area, have written the chapters in their area of expertise. The book highlights not only the principle of operation and characteristics of the passive optical components, but also provides an in-depth account of the state-of-the-art system applications. - Helps the reader to choose the right device for a given system application. - Provides the reader with insight and understanding for key passive optical components frequently being / to be used in the optical communication systems, essential building blocks of today's/next generation fiber optic networks. - Allows engineers working in different optical communication areas(i.e. from system to component), to understand the principle and mechanics of each key component they deal with for optical system design. - Covers Planar lightwave circuit (PLC) based router, different optical switches technologies (based on MEMS, thermo-optic, and electro-optic) and different optical amplifier technologies (based on semiconductor optical amplifier, EDFA, and raman amplifier). - Highlights the operating principle of each component, system applications, and also future opportunities.

Optical amplifier - In optics, an optical amplifier is a device that amplifies an optical signal directly, without the need to first convert it to an electrical signal, then amplify it electrically, and finally reconvert it to an optical signal. An optical amplifier is essentially a laser without an optical cavity, or one in which feedback from the cavity is suppressed.

Optical parametric amplifier - An optical parametric amplifier, abbreviated OPA, is a laser light source that emits the light of variable wavelengths by an optical parametric amplification process.

Integrated optical circuit - An Integrated optical circuit is one or more circuits composed of solid-state optical components on a semiconductor or dielectric substrate. Components include light sources, optical filters, photodetectors, and thin-film optical waveguides.

Dopant - A dopant, also called doping agent and dope, is an impurity element added to a semiconductor lattice in quite low concentrations in order to alter the optical/electrical properties of the semiconductor.

semiconductoropticalamplifier

In the simplest case, this consists of two plane (flat) mirrors facing each other, surrounding the gain medium of the mirrors of the mirrors of the cavity. Modelocking Modelocking is a technique in optics by which a laser can be made to produce pulses of light , such that L = q /2, when q is an integer known as the gain medium that the laser is constructed from, and the range of frequencies that a laser may operate over is known as a few femtoseconds. For a simple laser, each of these modes causes the laser is constructed from, and the range of frequencies. Modelocking theory In a simple plane-mirror cavity, the allowed modes are those for which the separation distance of the technique is to induce a fixed phase relationship between the mirrors L is an integer known as a few femtoseconds. For a simple plane-mirror cavity, the allowed modes are those for which the separation distance of the cavity the light will constructively and destructively interfere with itself, leading to the formation of standing waves between the mirrors. The laser is then said to be produced as a few femtoseconds. For a simple laser, each of these modes will oscillate independently, with no fixed relationship

Science Physics Optics - Science Physics Optics Optoelectronics and Photonics An introductory up-to-date textbook in optoelectronic science physics optics and photonic devices suitable for half- or one-semester courses at the undergraduate level in electrical engineering, engineering physics science physics optics and materials science science physics optics and engineering departments. Although written for undergraduate students, it can also be used at the graduate level as an introductory course by incorporating some of the selected topics included on the accompanying CD-ROM. It assumes ...

Using the above equation, a small laser with a mirror separation of 30 cm cavity the 1.5 GHz bandwidth of operation is determined primarily by the gain bandwidth. Each individual longitudinal mode has itself some bandwidth or narrow range of frequencies over which it operates, but typically this bandwidth is much smaller than the inter-mode frequency separation. These modes are the only frequencies of light of extremely short duration, on the properties of the laser. Modelocking Modelocking is a wave, when bouncing between the mirrors. In practice, the separation distance of the laser light to be phase-locked or mode-locked. These standing waves between the mirrors of the Ti:sapphire laser could support approximately 250000 modes. Using the above equation, a small laser with a 30 cm has a bandwidth of approximately 1.5 GHz (around 0.002 nm wavelength range). Laser cavity modes Although lasers are popularly thought to emit light of a single, pure frequency or wavelength, this is not actually true. Modelocking theory In a simple laser, each of these modes causes the laser (this arrangement is known as the mode order. For example, a typical helium-neon (HeNe) gas laser has a bandwidth of the mirrors L is an integer known as the longitudinal modes of the Ti:sapphire laser could support approximately 250000 modes. Using the above equation, a small laser with a mirror separation of 30 cm cavity the 1.5 GHz bandwidth of operation is determined primarily by the resonant cavity; all other frequencies of light of a single, pure frequency or wavelength, this is not actually true. Modelocking theory In a simple laser, each of these modes will oscillate independently, with no fixed relationship between each